Influence of the onset of menopause before and after age 50 on bone mineral density

Introduction Menopause is the physiological phase of women in which functional failure of the ovaries occurs, causing an abrupt drop in estrogen levels and, as a consequence, not only the end of the reproductive period, but also several morphofunctional changes in women [1]. In the menopausal phase, estrogen deficiency alters the normal bone formation cycle, […]

Primary amenorrhea after surgical removal of a craniopharyngioma: a case report and short review of the literature

Introduction Craniopharyngiomas are rare brain tumors that usually occur in children and young adults near the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. They are benign and typically do not metastasize to other sites of the brain or the body. Despite this, they can grow and exert pressure on nearby brain structures, including the pituitary gland, optic chiasm, […]